There are 23 country parks and 17 special areas (six of which are located outside country parks) with a total area of 41 644 hectares (about 38 per cent of the total land area of Hong Kong). They cover scenic hills, woodlands, reservoirs, islands, indented coastlines, marshes and uplands. All are carefully protected for the purposes of nature conservation, education and scientific studies. Management measures include protection of woodland and vegetation against fire, control of development, tree planting, litter collection, the provision of educational and recreational facilities, and the promotion of a better understanding of the countryside.

There are four marine parks and one marine reserve covering 2 430 hectares of scenic coastal areas, seascapes and important biological habitats. Marine reserves are dedicated to conservation, education and scientific studies. Fishing in marine parks is controlled through a permit system confined to local villagers and bona fide fishermen, while such activity is totally banned in marine reserves. Publicity and educational activities are organised for students and members of the public.